In 1758, the Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus published in his Systema Naturae, the two-word naming of species ( binomial nomenclature). This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of " man's best friend."įurther information: Canis lupus dingo § Taxonomic debate – the domestic dog, dingo, and New Guinea singing dog They perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and the military, companionship, therapy, and aiding disabled people. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. The dog has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.
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Over the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human behavior, and the human-canine bond has been a topic of frequent study. ĭue to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids. The dog was the first species to be domesticated, by hunter–gatherers over 15,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture.
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The dog derived from an ancient, extinct wolf, and the modern grey wolf is the dog's nearest living relative. The dog or domestic dog, (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris depending on wether it is differentiated enough to represent its own species), is a domesticated descendant of the wolf, characterized by an upturning tail.